Operations Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5500 words

Operations Management - Essay ExampleOperation management is the function of managing substance activities such as creation, production, distribution and delivery of the organisations goods and services (Chase, and Aquilano, 1977). This management of organisation is associated with the innovation of labour and framework into goods and services efficiently to maximise the profits of the organisation (Gaither, 1984).Managing of operations appropriately is authorized for organisations in order to ensure high productivity, and customer satisfaction (Krajewski, Ritzman, &Malhorta, 2007). 1.2 What leave behind be discussed in this reason study?(Synopsis) This case study will admit an extensive knowledge regarding the operational problems being approach by the hospital capital of Saudi Arabia Medical Hospital. This case study will be focused on highlighting the critical operational problems such as Supply drawing string management, Inventory management, Waste and function manageme nt and Quality management Along with these critical problems, the case study will provide an overview of the anatomical structure and growth that are relevant to these essential areas of operational management.The elements mentioned above will be separately investigated to valuate the importance of each of the operational management discommodes. ... spital.The operation management deals with managing core activities from the conversion of labour and material to goods and services (Apte, Maglaras, and Pinedo, 2008). This would allow us to better understand the offsprings related to operation management at Riyadh Military Hospital. This case study addresses the major operational management issues such as tack on chain management, inventory management, waste and lean management and quality management at Riyadh military hospital. to each one of the issues mentioned are a hurdle for the hospital to work effectively and efficiently. This case study helpsto analyse and provide recomm endation to improve the understanding of these problems. The concept of operation management would be used to understand the schooling and the problems associated with the management at Riyadh Military Hospital. The supply chain management issue wouldhelp in information more about the importance of supply chain in a hospital and how can the supply chain management affect the overall performance of the Riyadh Military Hospital. Similarly, the inventory management issues will highlight the importance of keeping balance between the required inventory and the amount of inventory at hand. The excess inventory in a hospital can lead to unfavourable situations as it reduces the dexterity of the organisation and the value perceived by the customers reduces. On the other hand, the waste and lean management issue would highlight the importance of processes that are aimed to reduce the waste and improve the efficiency of the hospital. Lean management is aimed to transmogrify the processes radically and to reduce the cost of the processes(Schemenner, 1984). The last but not the least operational management issue quality management, would highlight the importance of

Final Exam Paper Operations Management Term Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Final Exam subroutines Management - Term Paper practice sessionAll the players have a overcritical role in the creation of quality sizables and services. For smooth operations among, the players information has to fro to and fro on a timely basis. Human beings differ in thought, and therefore, to harmonize their roles in quantify creation one has to manage the chain. The critical activities can non operate in a vacuum and thus depart require other supporting processes like accounting and finance. The overall upper management tries to ensure the critical activities, and the supporting activities communicate seamlessly.At this point, one should understand why operation management is vital. Other than stellar(a) one to c atomic number 18er in future, the benefits are beyond measurable instrument in the logistics field. First resources are very scarce, and it requires one to make fast and sound decision for their usage. Decision regarding trade-off are a day-to-day activities, the degree of benefit and loss are the determinant factor in making the repair verdict. Understanding and appreciation of the role played by the supporting processes in the organization cannot be underestimated (Oakland, 49). choose time can be influenced by how clients request is handled by the finance department. Operation management assists in determining the best model for a firm in it is production. A good example of a model that can be adopted is the lean manufacturing model. The model discourages activities that will not add value to the end product. A firm should always make reasonable expenses, and the expenses should be minimize without compromising the quality of the final product.An organization is determined by how it can produce its goods and services. This being the movement then the goods and services need to be of the best quality. The push by consumers to have value for their bills makes a firm to think of other means to meet the demand from the consumers. However , before an organization decides whether to radiation pattern or redesign its goods and services,

Argue in support of the statement that the English constitution was Essay

Argue in support of the statement that the English ecesis was first written in 1647, during the Putney debates - Essay ExampleLooking back into more immediate history, the ontogenesis of representative democracy can ultimately traces its roots to the way in which constitutions and other such cover song restrictions have defined the role and relationship that a government must play towards its citizens/stakeholders.1 As a function of this particular apprehension, the following analysis will be concentric upon engaging the reader with an catch and discussion for how the Putney Debates served as a formative and historical precedent for the way in which the constrained reason of the state was understood and affected. Such an instinct evolves to engage the reader with the understanding that the English constitution was in fact first written during these debates. Beyond merely engaging the reader with a further understanding of the historical importance of the debates, it is the hop e of this author that such a discussion can further stress a level of historical understanding and key trends that culminated in a more realistic understanding of the manner through which subject and governed should interact with one another.The Putney Debates were unlikely to be considered as a formulary of a fundamental law at the time in which they were held. However, in retrospect, the issues that the exclusive were wrestling with could only be understood in terms of the way in which a defining document, set of rules, and/or Constitution could address the contentious issues at hand. The core arguments that were taking place between the radicals and the monarchists was with respect to the role of the individual and the way in which such an individual should have a level of power and determinism with respect to the state. Naturally, this precise question has been one which has contributed greatly to the way in which governments have interacted with their people since

Audit and financial statements Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Audit and financial statements - shew ExampleThe scope of away auditors work covers the audit of financial statements, probity in the use of in the public eye(predicate) money and value for money in the use of resources. Internal auditor objectively examines, evaluates and reports on the adequacy of the internal control environment as a contribution to the proper, economic, efficient and effective use of resources. immaterial audit is conducted in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (ISA) and with the Audit Commissions Code of Audit Practice. Internal audits system and plan is agreed between internal audit and management. It is approved by the Audit Committee and cannot be directed by external auditor.Effective co-operation between external auditor and internal auditor government agency more than avoiding duplication. An effective exemplar of co-operation and co-ordination ensures liaison, co-operation on work programmes and the sharing of information. This ca n be achieved throughThe external auditor has various responsibilities when it comes to performing the audit. It is the responsibility of the external auditors to perform audit of financial statements in much(prenominal) a way that they areable to form opinion, includingAuditors have a responsibility to satisfy themselves that the audited consistence has put in place proper arrangements to secure economy, efficiency and effectiveness in its use of resources. While doing so, the auditor must(prenominal) consider and assess the relevant significant business risks. Auditors are not required to report to audited bodies on the accuracy of performance information that the audited bodies publish. Auditors work is limited to review of the systemsput in place by the audited body to collect, record and publish the information. Nor are auditors required to form a view on the realism and attainableness of the assessments published by those audited bodies.The auditors report should contain a clear written expression of opinion on the financial statements taken as a whole. The auditors report includes the following basic elements(a) Title(b) Addressee(c) Opening or introductory paragraph containing(i) Identification of the financial statements audited(ii) A statement of the responsibility of the entity management and the responsibility of the auditor(d) Scope paragraph containing(i) A reference to ISAs or relevant national standards or practices(ii) A commentary of work performed by auditor(e) Opinion paragraph containing(i) A reference to the financial reporting framework used to prepare the financial statements(ii) An expression of op

The Future of Education in US and Saudi Arabia Essay

The Future of Education in US and Saudi Arabia - Essay exercisingAccording to the research findings the revolution in the education sector will withal result in an overall information symmetry to the residents of both countries and at bounteous the world. The education infrastructure will also get upgraded and the funds spend on the acquisition teaching staff decline. It will become a cost cutting strategy as the education sector has over time utilized large amounts of capital that could have got utilized in developing other sectors. The overall adoption of technology in the education sector will eventually result in a declined rate of illiteracy and ignorance levels as information shall become a progressive exercise.From the discussion it is clear thatthe initiation of formal education dates bear out to the 19th century when people saw the need of adopting a formalized educational system as opposed to the informal. The future of the education will heavily relay on the adoption of formalized systems of impacting association to the students. The development agenda of the education sector will heavily rely on the methods of overcoming the barriers that have for great hindered the development and establishment of formalized education in both US and Saudi Arabia. The aim is to condition that learning can take place anyplace anytime so long as there apprentice has a willingness to learn. The idea of students going to school for classes shall change and become history. It is so as classroom learning will no longer be taking place and if it happens to be shall be made for the vernal generation only.

Role of Banks in Real Estate Financing in Saudi Arabia Research Paper

Role of Banks in Real Estate Financing in Saudi Arabia - Research Paper ExampleThe real ground boom in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has attracted banks to fund the projects in this area. Banks financing real farming farm a win-win scenario for the owners as well as the banks. There are other financiers in real estate including the Saudi Arabia Government. The terms and conditions for the banks and other real estate financiers vary depending on the project and location. Banks have been playing an important role in financing real estate sector in Saudi Arabia change magnitude the current boom in the sector, lending banks and the real estate owners profit from this arrangement which may be printed by economic and political factors bringing up some challenges which can adversely affect the profitability to the two partners. The real Estate SectorThe real estate sector is one of the hot growth in the world if not the fastest. It is the only sector in the world that has defied the norm currently. despite recession and economic slow down in around of the countries in the world, the real estate sector continues to grow at a remarkable pace. This has led to increased prices for both developed properties and undeveloped land. close to of the top hotspot markets for real estate in the world today are China The most populous country in the world has been getting high demand for housing. Hong Kong, one of the fastest growing

Case Brief Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Brief - Case Study ExampleWhile the plaintiff does not have her palimony agreement in writing, because she filed her claim before the enactment of the new legislature, the judge govern the amendment does not apply to her case. In doing such, the judge further ruled to deny the defendants front to dismiss the complaint and the defendants counterclaims.Barbara A. Botis is the girlfriend of the late Gary A. Kudrick. Botis claims herself and Kudrick were in a marriage-type relationship for the great part of 32 geezerhood after Kudrick divorced his wife. Botis further claims that Kudrick promised to take care of her after his devastation even though he did not put her in his will. Therefore, Botis seeks palimony- or compensation made by ace member of an unmarried couples to another member after separation.Estate of Gary A. Kudrick denies that Botis and Kudrick were ever in a marriage-type relationship and, therefore, the plaintiff is not entitled to any compensation. Furthermore, the Estate seeks its own compensation from the plaintiff for unofficial withdrawals from a home equity line on one of the deceaseds residences, removing belongings from one of the residences, and refusing to return stolen financial documents. In addition, the defendant later requested to expand the later counterclaim to overwhelm fraud, perjury, attorney fees, and punitive damages.Plaintiff stands that her and the late Gary Kudrick met in high school in approximately 1954. Although they ab initio married other people, after both of their respective marriages ended, they began a committed relationship. In 1976, Kudrick moved into Botiss residence while still maintaining his own separate residence. They then lived together for approximately eight years before selling her residence and moving into his expanded residence in 1984 of which she claims she invested $17,000. Then, in 1995, they supposedly purchase another home

Macro9C Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Macro9C - Essay ExampleFurther, economists use different level for recognizing bills (like M0, M1 etc.). And economists define a money multiplier to see the ratio of money picture and the actual monetary base in the economy. Now, the new-fashioned financial crisis has affected some parts of the definition of money especially as a chime in of value. The financial upturn has shown that most assets and asset classes previously believed to be the safe stores of value for money are in fact all driven by risk and can at some point in time not be so safe. For example, houses are one the largest stores of value but the planetary deterioration of property prices has made this option slight valuable. Similarly, government bonds which were considered as the safest bets for store of value were in truth no longer safe either as we see the example of Greece and their impending default of allowance and/or restructuring of debt in Greece. Bank deposits were badly hit as storage of value with the bank-runs seen in Yankee Rock, UK and several other banks in the US. Currencies by nature of being subject to market demand and supply appreciate and depreciate with time and cannot be considered as safe stores of value either as was seen in the example of Asian financial crisis of the late 1990s. Secondly, the money multiplier, m, as explained by economists is supposed to be 1/R where R is the appropriate requirement for banks. As seen during the financial crisis, this equation was not valid at all. envision 1 at a lower place shows the variation of money multiplier from 1984 to present. We see that as soon as the financial crisis hit, even though there was little or no change in the reserve requirements, the money multiplier saw a huge drop to end up at less than 1.This means that while the government was creating supply of money, banks were reluctant to lend. Figure 1. M1 Money multiplier in the US 1984 to March 2011 Source Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Given the tu rnout of events as happened during the financial crisis, there seems to be no readily identifiable group of assets that economists would consider as money. To be accepted as money by all, none of the assets satisfy all the criteria bill of exchange, bonds, equities, deposits. Gold, silver and precious metal come in close but as these are rare, and cannot really meet the demand for money, they cannot really be considered as money. Question 2 The structure of Federal reserve system is shown below in figure 1. Figure 1. Structure of Federal reserve system The components of the federal reserve system and their functions are described below 1. Board of governors they are appointed by the US president and confirmed by the US senate. The primary quill responsibility of the Board members is the formulation of monetary policy. The Board sets reserve requirements and shares the responsibility with the Reserve Banks for discount valuate policy. 2. Federal Reserve banks The 12 Federal Reser ve banks operate under supervision of the board of governors. individually bank has 9 directors who appoint the bank presidents who form part of the Federal Open Market Comittee. The main role of the reserve banks is to influence the flow of money and credit in the economy. The Federal Reserve Banks hold, in their vaults, collateral for government agencies to secure public funds that are on deposit with private sediment institutions. The Federal Rese

Consider how modern American drama presents the self as fragmented and Essay

Consider how modern American drama presents the self as fragmented and insecure in Death of a Salesman and Cat on a Hot Tin Roo - Essay ExampleNegative impacts of the depression era and the evil of capitalist economy have played a pivotal role in the vivification of American nerve centerclass people. American playwright Arthur Miller and his followers have often experienced the evil of depression and capitalism (Bryer & Hartig 2010, p. 363). Increasing jeopardy in sexual relation among the people also provide contributory causes for insecure existence in modern world. Willy Loman, the central character in Arthur Millers play Death of a Salesman fails to picture the real pulse of the guild. T here(predicate)fore he does not find success both in his in-per password and professional life. He is a self possessed and self-contained man who fails in his personal life and the same misadventure directs him to his tragic death at the end of the play. Tennessee Williams Cat on a Hot Ti n Roof presents the conflict of a Southern family. Brick, the husband in Cat on a Hot Tin Roof lead a self possessed life and likes to get across his homosexual nature. At the same time, his wife Margaret leads a miserable life to catch her husbands attention even in the midst of her husbands negligence. As eminent figures of Modern American drama, Arthur Miller and Tennesse Williams successfully take up the theme of fragmented self and insecurity in their whole caboodle Death of a Salesman and Cat on a Hot Tin Roof (Osgerby 2001, p. 71). ... The playwright portrays the failure of the American success myth and the insecure existence of the personal and financial life of an American middle class man through the character of Willy Loman in Millers play (This is just a close reading of the text and you do not need to provide a reference here). Willy Loman, the central character of the play fails to understand the real pulse of the modern materialist society as soundly its people. H e is a total failure in his personal life as well as in family life and it is this failure that leads him to his tragic death at the end of the play. It is his self-deceptiveness and his blindness to reality that leads him to a world of conflicts. Unable to cope with reality Loman convinces himself that he is successful and the same self acts as an restraint in his way to reveal his mistake. Death of a Salesman exemplifies the theme of self and insecurity through the hopeless life of the protagonist Willy Loman and the other members of his family. Each member of Willys family feels emotional frustration and insecurity. Willy Loman isolates and alienates himself from his wife, his sons, his fellow beings, and the society because of his conscious efforts to justify his self. In Death of a Salesman Willys wife Linda is portrayed as a completely accepting wife and a good mother. It is simply unintentional that Lomans elder son Biff became the victims of Lawmans illegal relationship wi th a prostitute. Biffs unhealthy appearance and self-destructive nature haunts Loman as a nightmare but at the same time his distinctive self prevents him to scab his fault. Michelle, in this

Museum Project Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Museum Project - Movie Review ExampleThe personages in the art piece are elongated, and the artisan has emphasized linear decoration as well as remote facial expressions.The artist also uses decoration technique that was common in the 14th century known as punched decoration. This is evidence in the painting where unmatched can see flattened pieces of metalwork with designs embedded in the piece. To the viewers one could say that this painting is unusual and unique. The audience can see that the child is wearing a precious coral necklace depicting that it will protect him from evil while also he is holding a yellow warbler in his hand symbolizing his future sacrifice. The donor Knight on the left can be said to possess an affluent, aristocratic background because of the Cross of Malta that he wears on his sleeve (Soares 1).The other man on the right dressed in red can be said to be a high-ranking church official because of the style and colour of his clothing. These two instance s of portraiture represent the increasing lustre of the individual in the Renaissance era. The child and Madonna are painted in tempera on wood, and the viewer can see the different armaments of the paintings dimensions. The aspect of the painting is 48.75 by 21 inches and was painted in Late Medieval. According to Soares, the inscriptions and markings of the painting are Cecchus Petri de Pisis Mepisit AD MCCCLXXXVI, which are painted along the bottom of the painting frame (1).The use of punched decoration by Pietro is one of the paintings diagnostic that was used in the Early Italian Renaissance painting. This technical innovation used is depicted by the use of flattened pieces of metalwork with designs embedded in the art piece (Soares 1). The Renaissance paintings had engaged frames, which were do of wooden strips affiliated to the outside edge of the panel, which is the case in Madonna and Child painting. This is also unmingled in the painting Saint Francis Receiving the Sti gmata

Social media Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Social media - Research Paper ExampleThis theme shall seek to explain the manner in which online learning offers productive ways of analyzing the various forms of online engagement which redeem been overlooked for a long time (Crawford 525).Crawford asserts that online pick uping whoremonger be considered in several contexts. These contexts can be wikis, mailing lists, MUDs, blogs, RSS feeds, among others. Additionally, she says, listening has not been given much attention as opposed to speaking-up (Crawford 526). In this context, speaking up refers to writing articles or updating of status on the various types of well-disposed media. It is a fact that many people write their updates in order to catch up with their friends or express the public of various issues. Therefore, there is need for the members of the public to read and comprehend what is being updated. This is what listening of social media entails.There are three types of social media listeners, namely politicians, individuals, and corporations. All the three groups face the need to listen to others by creating a social media presence. In this case, they may create twitter accounts which may give them platforms to listen to other people and be listened to as they interact online. In order to facilitate interactions, they can usage the three modes of listening namely background listening, delegated listening, as well as reciprocal listening. Crawford asserts that twitters use as a forum for background listening comes about as a settlement of the flow of conversations and commentary with few moments of concentration. From this, it is evident that Twitters conversations circulate in the background, just resembling radio. On reciprocal listening, social media I used by several politicians to update their activities, seek for fight on policy announcements, among others. For instance, Gordon Brown and Barack Obama have Twitter accounts which they use to communicate to their supporters (Crawford 529). This is

Pop Cultures Significance In Modern Society Essay

Pop Cultures importee In Modern Society - Essay ExamplePop culture is signifi foundationt in the lives of pitying beings as it is a reflection of what matters to people, letting them express and validate the spirit of their epoch. Popular culture enhances adolescent peoples understanding of helping them participate in the representations that aid in constructing their identities.This is a hot food chain in America that has a distinct icon that represents all the foods available in all their joints across America. American pop culture icons such as that one of burger king collect been well received across different nations around the world even in the predominantly Muslim countries such as Saudi Arabia (Kamalipour, 21). Burger king produces different kinds of foods with meat as Americans privilege it, it is a startle food joint and the food is produced quickly and mostly to go. This can be interpreted to mean that Americans prefer food that is quickly prepared to save time. On e can assert that it is due to their hard working(a) nature and effort to save time. These joints are quite universal in America and the icon can be seen on many other products such as t-shirts, caps or bags.This icon is quite popular such that it has been adopted in Islamic countries but with a slight twist to the name and a bit of change in the appearance. This shows that even in conservative Muslim countries such as Saudi Arabia, people are in tandem with the rest of the world due to globalization brought about by technology (Kamalipour, 25). The Icon, therefore, has led to the popularity of such food a joint which has been cited as a lucrative business organization venture. It is slightly different however since unlike in America, all the meat is Halal and is handled and prepared as per the Islamic dietary rules. This shows the value of Islamic culture. In addition, most of the women working behind the counter digest headscarves or hijabs.

Benefits to Bailing Out the Big 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Benefits to Bailing Out the Big 3 - Essay ExampleSure, these companies will be subject to certain conditions when borrowing federal property however, it is no different if they were to borrow from a bank. Banks also like to see what the borrowed money will be employ for, and in some instances, they like to see an entire plan drafted up before letting the money go. Lenders like to see that the one they are lending to has a purpose for borrowing from them, and the borrower is subject to those price until the loan is paid off. While numerous individuals put a lot of effort into disputing why service of process these three companies with their losses is not a good idea, there are a number of reasons why the bail out of these three companies makes great sense for the American people.First of entirely, we must look at how long these three companies have been in business, as well as the history behind these companies. hybridizing has been in business since 1903, when it was premier f ounded by Henry Ford, Sr. The first car manufactured by the ford family, known as the Model T, was ready to deliver to the public in 1925. This company was the first to put the first car on the road, as well as the first to make cars for sale to the masses. Ford made sure just about anyone could afford to have a car, as they did any(prenominal) possible to cater to those of the middle class. Not to mention, Ford is big on human rights and providing jobs to the jobless, and their priority has evermore been to make sure that everyone working for them receives fair wages, as they were the first to enact a five dollar bill a day policy. Ford has been proven to make a large impact on America, plain today. Ford has always done business in this fashion since their very beginning, as they have always been all about the people (NPR), (Ford Motor Company).Then, there is normal Motors, a company that has been around to the highest degree just as long as Ford. General Motors is the manuf acturer of some of the most popular cars, much(prenominal) as the Cadillac, the Pontiac, and the Hummer, a car that a lot of people try to get their hands on to drive in ultimate luxury (Merchandise, General Motors). General Motors was founded in 1908 by William C. Durant, and has now move the worlds largest manufacturer of cars. Though General Motors has had a rocky history-the company sinking into debt after doing well for both years, Durant resigning from his company in 1920 to later file for personal bankruptcy, a violent sit-down strike in Flint Michigan by hourly workers in the year 1937, another strike occurring for one cytosine and thirteen days mingled with 1945 and 1946, being convicted of conspiracy in 1949, losing more than $750,000,000 in 1980 due to the bone in sales on cars and trucks, and another strike that occurred in 1998 that almost shut down all of General Motors production in North America-they have accomplished a great deal. Some of the accomplishments o f General Motors was that a Cadillac was made with the first electric self starter in history, General Motors accounted for twelve share of the car market in the United States, they expanded to working overseas, first starting in Britain and Germany between 1925 to 1929, their market shares rose to 41% in 1941, were the first to manufacture cars with air conditioning,, and they have gone as far as to selling cars in

Strategy & Sensemaking HR Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Strategy & Sensemaking HR - Essay ExampleTherefore, a strategy is the business game devise for each firm, or organization. Business strategies are thus a selection of ideas and assets in meeting a business long term goals in the market. A business strategy exists in three phases the frontmost phase is creating the strategy, the second is implementing the strategy, and the last phase is evaluating the strategy to indentify how well a business has done in meeting its goals and objectives.According to Hambrick & Fredrickson (4), a strategy involves pieces of small elements that coherently integrate to form the whole. Hambrick & Fredrickson further beg off that a strategy is a central, externally oriented and integrated goal plan of how the business plans to come through its overall objectives. This report aims at applying the meaning of strategy, in understanding how General Electric (GE) Company has been fit to attain its competiveness and leadership in the market today. General e lectric mainly specializes in diversified fiscal and technological services. The high societys main products range from power generational services, aircraft engines, household appliances, water processing, aesculapian imaging among other industrial products (Bloomberg, 2012). Through strategic management and elaborate strategies in the HR, marketing, and production departments, the company has achieved setting benchmarks and leadership in the market, and is a major global competitor in several sectors as indicated above.GE has portrayed impressive strategies in its marketing department in the recent past. According to Comstock, Gualti & Liguori (2010), 10 years ago, GE had no remarkable marketing organization in its strategies. The company had developed a culture that its modern technologies were too good the products could even market themselves with no elaborate strategy. The companys staffs in the marketing specification were

Networking Topic Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Networking Topic - Research Paper ExampleTo begin with receiving set networking, the initiatory thing needed is a high speed internet connection at the place where you pauperism to use wireless networking such as digital subscriber line (DSL) or WI-FI (Software Reviews). Other requirements al embarrassed wireless networking adapter or a PC card adapter, a modem and a network hub. In case of wide-ranging wireless networking, it is always sensible to use an HP Network Assistant to authorise your wired and wireless network securetings (Hewlett-Packard Development Company). Wireless networks are based on IEEE 802.11 standards which is a set of standards developed by IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) to carry out WLAN technology with specifications or protocols like 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n having absolute frequency bandwidth of 2.4, 3.6 and 5 GHz.Three main types of wireless networks are WLAN, WPAN and WMAN. Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) ena ble a user to connect to a local area network through wireless networking, like a small network in a house or an office. WLANs use radio waves for information contagion and are based on IEEE 802.11 standards. An example is Wi-Fi which is a fast speed wireless technology connecting devices for ardent file sharing. Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) connect two devices which are present close to apiece other or within personal reach. An example is Bluetooth which can transmit at relatively low power and have a range of only 30 feet or so (Bradley). Wireless metropolitan Area Networks (WMANs) cover a larger geographic area and interconnect WLANs to one another. Another have-to doe with used for WLANs is WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) which is a digital telecommunication technology based on IEEE 802.16 standards and supplies broadband wireless access covering a very large area.To maintain security of wireless networks is a endorsement difficult as compa red to wired networks. The reason for this is that it is easier to